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Activity 10.5.4

Avg difficulty 2.5

In general, calculating N⃗\vN as a function of the parameter tt ends up being very difficult because there are multiple compositions of functions involved which means there is a nesting of chain rules involved in the definition. In this activity, we will examine how to go through the direct calculation of N⃗\vN for a curve parameterized by r⃗(t)=⟨t,t2,t3⟩\vr(t) =\langle t,t^2,t^3\rangle.

  1. Calculate velocity v⃗(t)\vv(t) and speed(t)\text{speed}(t) for the parameterization r⃗(t)=⟨t,t2,t3⟩\vr(t) =\langle t,t^2,t^3\rangle.

  2. Now calculate T⃗(t)\vT(t) for the path given by r⃗(t)=⟨t,t2,t3⟩\vr(t) =\langle t,t^2,t^3\rangle.

  3. Calculate the first component of T⃗ ′=dT⃗dt\vT\, '=\frac{d\vT}{dt}.

  4. Calculate the second component of T⃗ ′\vT\, '.

  5. Calculate the third component of T⃗ ′\vT\, '.

  6. Put together your work for the three components of T⃗ ′\vT\, '.

  7. In the previous part, you likely decided that trying to simplify your formulas for dT⃗dt\frac{d\vT}{dt} was more complicated than you had space for on your paper, and note that we still would need to calculate ∥dT⃗dt∥\vecmag{\frac{d\vT}{dt}}. Instead of doing more intricate algebraic computations, describe how you would calculate N⃗\vN if you had nice formulas for dT⃗dt\frac{d\vT}{dt} and ∥dT⃗dt∥\vecmag{\frac{d\vT}{dt}}.

Long, Keller & Schlicker, Active Calculus Multivariable, §10.5 The TNB Frame, Activity 10.5.4

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Adapted from Active Calculus Multivariable © 2013–2026 Nicholas Long, Mitchel T. Keller, and Steven Schlicker. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: Active Calculus Multivariable. Imported at revision 692c03c.