The country of Costaguana has three states: Azuera with a population of 894,000; Punta Mala with a population of 696,000; and Esmeralda with a population of 215,000. There are 38 seats in the Congress of Costaguana. The apportionment of the seats is determined by Hamilton’s method to be: 19 for Azuera, 15 for Punta Mala, and 4 for Esmerelda. A census reveals that the population has grown and the seats must be reapportioned. If Azuera now has 953,000 residents, Punta Mala now has 706,000 residents, and Esmerelda now has 218,000 residents, how many seats will each state receive upon reapportionment? How is this an example of the population paradox?
OpenStax Contemporary Mathematics, 11.5 Fairness in Apportionment Methods, exercise 7