the table relates the weights and heights of a group of individuals participating in an observational study.
| Ages | Tall | Medium | Short | Totals |
| Under 18 | 18 | 28 | 14 | |
| 18–50 | 20 | 51 | 28 | |
| 51+ | 12 | 25 | 9 | |
| Totals |
- Find the total for each row and column.
- Find the probability that a randomly chosen individual from this group is tall.
- Find the probability that a randomly chosen individual from this group is Under 18 and tall.
- Find the probability that a randomly chosen individual from this group is tall given that the individual is Under 18.
- Find the probability that a randomly chosen individual from this group is Under 18 given that the individual is tall.
- Find the probability a randomly chosen individual from this group is tall and age 51+.
- Are the events under 18 and tall independent?
OpenStax Statistics, 3.4 Contingency Tables, exercise 12