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1.4 Polynomials

Degree and leading coefficient, adding and multiplying terms, the FOIL shortcut for binomials, and special products in one or several variables.

Algebra and Trigonometry 2e, 1.4 Polynomials

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44 exercises

Identifying the Degree and Leading Coefficient of a Polynomial

For the following polynomials, identify the degree, the leading term, and the leading coefficient.

  1. ⓐ 3+2 x 2 −4 x 3 3 + 2 x^{2} - 4 x^{3}
  2. ⓑ 5 t 5 −2 t 3 +7t 5 t^{5} - 2 t^{3} + 7 t
  3. ⓒ 6p− p 3 −2 6 p - p^{3} - 2
2.5

1.4 Exercise 2

Identify the degree, leading term, and leading coefficient of the polynomial 4 x 2 − x 6 +2x−6. 4 x^{2} - x^{6} + 2 x - 6.

2.5

Adding Polynomials

Find the sum.

( 12 x 2 +9x−21 )+( 4 x 3 +8 x 2 −5x+20 ) \left(12 x^{2} + 9 x - 21\right) + \left(4 x^{3} + 8 x^{2} - 5 x + 20\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 4

Find the sum.

( 2 x 3 +5 x 2 −x+1 )+( 2 x 2 −3x−4 ) \left(2 x^{3} + 5 x^{2} - x + 1\right) + \left(2 x^{2} - 3 x - 4\right)

2.5

Subtracting Polynomials

Find the difference.

( 7 x 4 − x 2 +6x+1 )−( 5 x 3 −2 x 2 +3x+2 ) \left(7 x^{4} - x^{2} + 6 x + 1\right) - \left(5 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x + 2\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 6

Find the difference.

( −7 x 3 −7 x 2 +6x−2 )−( 4 x 3 −6 x 2 −x+7 ) \left(−7 x^{3} - 7 x^{2} + 6 x - 2\right) - \left(4 x^{3} - 6 x^{2} - x + 7\right)

2.5

Multiplying Polynomials Using the Distributive Property

Find the product.

( 2x+1 )( 3 x 2 −x+4 ) \left(2 x + 1\right) \left(3 x^{2} - x + 4\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 8

Find the product.

(3x+2)( x 3 −4 x 2 +7 ) \left(3 x + 2\right) \left(x^{3} - 4 x^{2} + 7\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 10

Use FOIL to find the product.

(x+7)(3x−5) \left(x + 7\right) \left(3 x - 5\right)

2.5

Expanding Perfect Squares

Expand (3x−8) 2 . \left(3 x - 8\right)^{2} .

2.5

1.4 Exercise 12

Expand (4x−1) 2 . \left(4 x - 1\right)^{2} .

2.5

Multiplying Binomials Resulting in a Difference of Squares

Multiply (9x+4)(9x−4). \left(9 x + 4\right) \left(9 x - 4\right) .

2.5

1.4 Exercise 14

Multiply (2x+7)(2x−7). \left(2 x + 7\right) \left(2 x - 7\right) .

2.5

Multiplying Polynomials Containing Several Variables

Multiply (x+4)(3x−2y+5). \left(x + 4\right) \left(3 x - 2 y + 5\right) .

2.5

1.4 Exercise 16

Multiply (3x−1)(2x+7y−9). \left(3 x - 1\right) \left(2 x + 7 y - 9\right) .

2.5

1.4 Exercise 17

Evaluate the following statement: The degree of a polynomial in standard form is the exponent of the leading term. Explain why the statement is true or false.

2.5

1.4 Exercise 19

You can multiply polynomials with any number of terms and any number of variables using four basic steps over and over until you reach the expanded polynomial. What are the four steps?

2.5

1.4 Exercise 21

Identify the degree of the polynomial.

7x−2 x 2 +13 7 x - 2 x^{2} + 13

2.5

1.4 Exercise 23

Identify the degree of the polynomial.

−625 a 8 +16 b 4 −625 a^{8} + 16 b^{4}

2.5

1.4 Exercise 25

Identify the degree of the polynomial.

x 2 +4x+4 x^{2} + 4 x + 4

2.5

1.4 Exercise 27

Find the sum or difference.

( 12 x 2 +3x )−( 8 x 2 −19 ) \left(12 x^{2} + 3 x\right) - \left(8 x^{2} −19\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 29

Find the sum or difference.

( 6 w 2 +24w+24 )−( 3w − 2 6w+3 ) \left(6 w^{2} + 24 w + 24\right) - \left(3 w {}^{2}- 6 w + 3\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 31

Find the sum or difference.

( 11 b 4 −6 b 3 +18 b 2 −4b+8 )−( 3 b 3 +6 b 2 +3b ) \left(11 b^{4} - 6 b^{3} + 18 b^{2} - 4 b + 8\right) - \left(3 b^{3} + 6 b^{2} + 3 b\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 33

Find the product.

(4x+2)(6x−4) \left(4 x + 2\right) \left(6 x - 4\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 35

Find the product.

( 6 b 2 −6 )( 4 b 2 −4 ) \left(6 b^{2} - 6\right) \left(4 b^{2} - 4\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 37

Find the product.

(9v−11)(11v−9) \left(9 v - 11\right) \left(11 v - 9\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 39

Find the product.

(8n−4)( n 2 +9 ) \left(8 n - 4\right) \left(n^{2} + 9\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 41

Expand the binomial.

(3y−7) 2 \left(3 y - 7\right)^{2}

2.5

1.4 Exercise 43

Expand the binomial.

( 4p+9 ) 2 \left(4 p + 9\right)^{2}

2.5

1.4 Exercise 45

Expand the binomial.

(3y−6) 2 \left(3 y - 6\right)^{2}

2.5

1.4 Exercise 47

Multiply the binomials.

(4c+1)(4c−1) \left(4 c + 1\right) \left(4 c - 1\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 49

Multiply the binomials.

(15n−6)(15n+6) \left(15 n - 6\right) \left(15 n + 6\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 51

Multiply the binomials.

(4+4m)(4−4m) \left(4 + 4 m\right) \left(4 - 4 m\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 53

Multiply the binomials.

(11q−10)(11q+10) \left(11 q - 10\right) \left(11 q + 10\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 55

Multiply the polynomials.

( 4 t 2 +t−7 )( 4 t 2 −1 ) \left(4 t^{2} + t - 7\right) \left(4 t^{2} - 1\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 57

Multiply the polynomials.

(y−2)( y 2 −4y−9 ) \left(y - 2\right) \left(y^{2} - 4 y - 9\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 59

Multiply the polynomials.

( 3 p 2 +2p−10 )(p−1) \left(3 p^{2} + 2 p - 10\right) \left(p - 1\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 61

Multiply the polynomials.

( a+b )( a−b ) \left(a + b\right) \left(a - b\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 63

Multiply the polynomials.

(4t−5u) 2 \left(4 t - 5 u\right)^{2}

2.5

1.4 Exercise 65

Multiply the polynomials.

( 4t−x )( t−x+1 ) \left(4 t - x\right) \left(t - x + 1\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 67

Multiply the polynomials.

( 4r−d )( 6r+7d ) \left(4 r - d\right) \left(6 r + 7 d\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 69

A developer wants to purchase a plot of land to build a house. The area of the plot can be described by the following expression: (4x+1)(8x−3) \left(4 x + 1\right) \left(8 x - 3\right) where x is measured in meters. Multiply the binomials to find the area of the plot in standard form.

2.5

1.4 Exercise 71

Perform the given operations.

(4t−7) 2 (2t+1)−( 4 t 2 +2t+11 ) \left(4 t - 7\right)^{2} \left(2 t + 1\right) - \left(4 t^{2} + 2 t + 11\right)

2.5

1.4 Exercise 73

Perform the given operations.

( a 2 +4ac+4 c 2 )( a 2 −4 c 2 ) \left(a^{2} + 4 a c + 4 c^{2}\right) \left(a^{2} - 4 c^{2}\right)

2.5

Adapted from College Algebra © 2021 Rice University. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Sources: College Algebra 2e, Algebra and Trigonometry 2e, Precalculus 2e, College Algebra with Corequisite Support 2e. Imported at revision 4922e46.