27.8 Polarization

Which of the following statements is true for the direction of polarization for a polarized light wave?

1. It is parallel to the direction of propagation and perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.
2. It is perpendicular to the direction of propagation and parallel to the direction of the electric field.
3. It is parallel to the directions of propagation and the electric field.
4. It is perpend…

What angle is needed between the direction of polarized light and the axis of a polarizing filter to cut its intensity in half?

If you have completely polarized light of intensity $\text{150 W} / \text{m}^{2}$, what will its intensity be after passing through a polarizing filter with its axis at an $\text{89} . 0º$ angle to the light’s polarization direction?

At the end of the example, it was stated that the intensity of polarized light is reduced to $\text{90} . 0$ of its original value by passing through a polarizing filter with its axis at an angle of $\text{18} . 4º$ to the direction of polarization. Verify this statement.

Prove that, if $I$ is the intensity of light transmitted by two polarizing filters with axes at an angle $\theta$ and $I '$ is the intensity when the axes are at an angle $\text{90}.\text{0}º - θ,$ then $I + I ' = I_{0,}$ the original intensity. (Hint: Use the trigonometric identities $\text{cos} \left(\right. 90.0º - \theta \left.\right) = \text{sin} \theta$ and $\text{cos}^{2} \theta + \text{sin}^{2} \theta = 1.$)

What is Brewster’s angle for light traveling in water that is reflected from crown glass?

At what angle is light inside crown glass completely polarized when reflected from water, as in a fish tank?

(a) Light reflected at $\text{62} . 5º$ from a gemstone in a ring is completely polarized. Can the gem be a diamond? (b) At what angle would the light be completely polarized if the gem was in water?

If a polarizing filter reduces the intensity of polarized light to $\text{50} . 0$ of its original value, by how much are the electric and magnetic fields reduced?

(a) On a day when the intensity of sunlight is $1 . \text{00} \text{kW} / \text{m}^{2}$, a circular lens 0.200 m in diameter focuses light onto water in a black aluminum beaker. Two polarizing sheets of plastic are placed in front of the lens with their axes at an angle of $\text{20} . 0º.$ Assuming the sunlight is unpolarized and the polarizers are $\text{100}\%$ efficient, what is the initial rate of heating of the water in $º\text{C} / \text{s}$, assuming it is $\text{80} . 0$ absorbed? The alu…

A semiconductor laser emits light at 400.0 nm. The light is passed through a grating where 1,000 lines are etched covering a space of 10.00 mm. The light is directed directly at the grating. (a) What is the angle the light beam diffracts for first order diffraction? (b) What is the angle the light beam diffracts for second order diffraction? (c) The laser is changed out. The first order angle of…