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Contingency Tables

Two-way tables of counts as a probability tool, reading joint, marginal and conditional chances off the grid and testing whether two traits are independent.

Math in Society, Contingency Tables

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14 exercises

Exercise 1

A recent survey asked a random sample of PCC students if they are currently experiencing food insecurity and if they are currently experiencing housing insecurity. Fill in the missing entries of the contingency table below.

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Exercise 2

A recent survey asked a random sample of PCC students if they have purchased food from the cafeteria in the last week, and if they purchased their textbooks through the bookstore. Fill in the missing entries of the contingency table below.

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Exercise 5

Use the following information to complete the contingency table:

  • P(A and B)=10/75\text{P(A and B)} = 10/75

  • P(A)=40/75\text{P(A)} = 40/75

  • P(not B)=45/75\text{P(not B)} = 45/75

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Exercise 6

Use the following information to complete the contingency table:

  • P(A given B)=30/80\text{P(A given B)} = 30/80

  • P(Not A and Not B)=10/120\text{P(Not A and Not B)} = 10/120

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Exercise 7

A professor gave a test to students in a morning class and the same test to the afternoon class. The grades are summarized below.

If one student was chosen at random:

  1. What is the probability they were in the morning class?

  2. What is the probability they earned a C?

  3. What is the probability that they earned an A and they were in the afternoon class?

  4. What is the probability that they earned an A given they…

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Exercise 8

A professor surveyed students in her morning and afternoon Math 105 class, and asked what their class standing was. The class standings are summarized below:

If one student was chosen at random:

  1. What is the probability they were in the morning class?

  2. What is the probability they were a Freshman?

  3. What is the probability that they were a Senior and they were in the afternoon class?

  4. What is the probabilit…

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Exercise 9

The contingency table below shows the number of credit cards owned by a group of individuals below the age of 35 and above the age of 35.

If one person was chosen at random:

  1. What is the probability they had no credit cards?

  2. What is the probability they had one credit card?

  3. What is the probability they had no credit cards and is over 35?

  4. What is the probability they are between the ages of 18 and 35, or…

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Exercise 10

The following contingency table provides data from a sample of 6,224 individuals who were exposed to smallpox in Boston.

  1. What is the probability that a person was inoculated?

  2. What is the probability that a person lived?

  3. What is the probability that a person died or was inoculated?

  4. What is the probability that a person died given they were inoculated?

  5. What is the probability that a person died given the…

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Exercise 11

The contingency table below shows the survival data for the passengers of the Titanic.

  1. What is the probability that a passenger did not survive?

  2. What is the probability that a passenger was crew?

  3. What is the probability that a passenger was first class and did not survive?

  4. What is the probability that a passenger did not survive or was crew?

  5. What is the probability that a passenger survived given they…

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Exercise 12

The following table shows the utility patents granted for a specific year.

  1. What is the probability that a patent is foreign and from the government?

  2. What is the probability that a patent is from the U.S. and from a corporation?

  3. What is the probability that a patent is foreign or from the government?

  4. What is the probability that a patent is from the U.S. given it is from an individual?

  5. What is the proba…

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Exercise 13

There is a 15% chance that a shopper entering a computer store will purchase a computer, a 25% chance they will purchase a game/software, and there is a 10% chance they will purchase both a computer and a game/software.

  1. Create a contingency table for the information.

  2. What is the probability that a shopper will not purchase a computer and will not purchase a game/software?

  3. What is the probability that…

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Exercise 14

A fitness center coach kept track over the last year of whether members stretched before they exercised, and whether or not they sustained an injury. Among the 400 members, 322 stretched before they exercised, 327 did not sustain an injury, and 270 both stretched and did not sustain an injury.

  1. Create a contingency table for the information.

  2. What is the probability that a member sustained an injury?

  3. W…

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Exercise 15

Among the 95 books on a bookshelf, 72 are fiction, 28 are hardcover, and 87 are fiction or hardcover.

  1. Create a contingency table for the information.

  2. What is the probability that a book is non-fiction and paperback?

  3. What is the probability that a book is fiction given it is hardcover?

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Exercise 16

After finishing the course, among the 32 students in a Math 105 class, 25 could successfully construct a contingency table, 27 passed the class, and 29 could successfully construct a contingency table or passed the class.

  1. Create a contingency table for the information.

  2. What is the probability that a student passed and could not successfully construct a contingency table?

  3. What is the probability that…

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Adapted from Math in Society © 2018–2024 Portland Community College Math Instructors. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: Math in Society. Imported at revision 68ee43c.