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Introduction to the First Derivative

Derivatives built from both limit definitions, velocity and acceleration functions, units carried on a rate, and putting the meaning of a derivative value into words.

Calculus Lab Manual, Introduction to the First Derivative

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12 exercises

Exercise 1

Find the first derivative formula for each of the following functions twice: first by evaluating lim⁡h→0f(x+h)−f(x)h\lim\limits_{h\to0}\frac{\fe{f}{x+h}-\fe{f}{x}}{h} and then by evaluating lim⁡t→xf(t)−f(x)t−x\lim\limits_{t\to x}\frac{\fe{f}{t}-\fe{f}{x}}{t-x}.

f(x)=x2\fe{f}{x}=x^2

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Exercise 2

Find the first derivative formula for each of the following functions twice: first by evaluating lim⁡h→0f(x+h)−f(x)h\lim\limits_{h\to0}\frac{\fe{f}{x+h}-\fe{f}{x}}{h} and then by evaluating lim⁡t→xf(t)−f(x)t−x\lim\limits_{t\to x}\frac{\fe{f}{t}-\fe{f}{x}}{t-x}.

f(x)=x\fe{f}{x}=\sqrt{x}

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Exercise 4

It can be shown that lim⁡h→0sin⁡(h)h=1\lim\limits_{h\to0}\frac{\fe{\sin}{h}}{h}=1 and lim⁡h→0cos⁡(h)−1h=0\lim\limits_{h\to0}\frac{\fe{\cos}{h}-1}{h}=0. Use these limits to help you to establish the first derivative formula for sin⁡(x)\fe{\sin}{x}.

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Exercise 5

Suppose that an object is tossed into the air in such a way that the elevation of the object (measured in ft) tt seconds after the object was tossed is given by the function s(t)=150+60t−16t2\fe{s}{t}=150+60t-16t^2.

Find the velocity function for this motion and use it to determine the velocity of the object 4.1 s into its motion.

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Exercise 6

Suppose that an object is tossed into the air in such a way that the elevation of the object (measured in ft) tt seconds after the object was tossed is given by the function s(t)=150+60t−16t2\fe{s}{t}=150+60t-16t^2.

Find the acceleration function for this motion and use that function to determine the acceleration of the object 4.1 s into its motion.

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Exercise 10

Determine the unit on the first derivative function for each of the following functions. Remember, we do not simplify derivative units in any way, shape, or form.

h(t)\fe{h}{t} is the elevation of the space shuttle (mi) where tt is the amount of time that has passed since lift-off (measured in s).

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Exercise 11

Referring to the functions in Exercises, write sentences that explain the meaning of each of the following function values.

R(300)=84\fe{R}{300}=84

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Exercise 13

Referring to the functions in Exercises, write sentences that explain the meaning of each of the following function values.

F(50)=0.03\fe{F}{50}=0.03

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Exercise 15

Referring to the functions in Exercises, write sentences that explain the meaning of each of the following function values.

v(20)=266\fe{v}{20}=266

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Exercise 17

Referring to the functions in Exercises, write sentences that explain the meaning of each of the following function values.

h(20)=0.7\fe{h}{20}=0.7

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Exercise 18

Referring to the functions in Exercises, write sentences that explain the meaning of each of the following function values.

h′(20)=0.074\fe{\fd{h}}{20}=0.074

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Exercise 19

It can be shown that the derivative formula for the function ff defined by f(x)=2x3+2x+13+5x2\fe{f}{x}=\frac{2x^3+2x+1}{3+5x^2} is f′(x)=10x4+8x2−10x+625x4+30x2+9\fe{\fd{f}}{x}=\frac{10x^4+8x^2-10x+6}{25x^4+30x^2+9}.

Determine the equation of the tangent line to ff at 11.

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Adapted from Calculus Lab Manual © 2012–2016 Portland Community College. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: Calculus Lab Manual. Imported at revision 3060f8e.