Sentences with one quantifier

Here are the syllogistic figures identified by Aristotle and his successors, along with their medieval names:

1. Barbara. All G are F. All H are G. So: All H are F

2. Celarent. No G are F. All H are G. So: No H are F

3. Ferio. No G are F. Some H is G. So: Some H is not F

4. Darii. All G are H. Some H is G. So: Some H is F.

5. Camestres. All F are G. No H are G. So: No H are F.

6. Cesare. No F are G. All…

Using the following symbolization key:

• domain:

  people

• $K(x)$:

  $\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x}$ knows the combination to the safe

• $S(x)$:

  $\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x}$ is a spy

• $V(x)$:

  $\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x}$ is a vegetarian

• $h$:

  Hofthor

• $i$:

  Ingmar

symbolize the following sentences in FOL:

1. Neither Hofthor nor Ingmar is a vegetarian.

2. No spy knows the combination to the safe.

3. No one knows the combination to the safe unless Ingmar does.

4. Hofthor is a spy, but no vegetarian is a spy.

Using this symbolization key:

• domain:

  all animals

• $A(x)$:

  $\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x}$ is an alligator

• $M(x)$:

  $\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x}$ is a monkey

• $R(x)$:

  $\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x}$ is a reptile

• $Z(x)$:

  $\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x}$ lives at the zoo

• $a$:

  Amos

• $b$:

  Bouncer

• $c$:

  Cleo

symbolize each of the following sentences in FOL:

1. Amos, Bouncer, and Cleo all live at the zoo.

2. Bouncer is a reptile, but not an alligator.

3. Some reptile lives at the zoo.

4. Every alligator is a reptile.

5. Any animal that lives at the zoo i…

For each argument, write a symbolization key and symbolize the argument in FOL.

1. Willard is a logician. All logicians wear funny hats. So Willard wears a funny hat

2. Nothing on my desk escapes my attention. There is a computer on my desk. As such, there is a computer that does not escape my attention.

3. All my dreams are black and white. Old TV shows are in black and white. Therefore, some of my…