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Exercise A

Avg difficulty 3.0

Using the following symbolization key:

  • domain:

    people

  • K(x)K(x):

    ‾x\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x} knows the combination to the safe

  • S(x)S(x):

    ‾x\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x} is a spy

  • V(x)V(x):

    ‾x\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x} is a vegetarian

  • T(x,y)T(x,y):

    ‾x\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{x} trusts ‾y\underline{\hskip 15.00002pt}_{y}

  • hh:

    Hofthor

  • ii:

    Ingmar

symbolize the following sentences in FOL:

  1. Hofthor trusts a vegetarian.

  2. Everyone who trusts Ingmar trusts a vegetarian.

  3. Everyone who trusts Ingmar trusts someone who trusts a vegetarian.

  4. Only Ingmar knows the combination to the safe.

  5. Ingmar trusts Hofthor, but no one else.

  6. The person who knows the combination to the safe is a vegetarian.

  7. The person who knows the combination to the safe is not a spy.

Magnus et al., forall x: Calgary, First-order logic, Definite descriptions, Exercise A

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Adapted from forall x: Calgary © 2025 P. D. Magnus, Tim Button, Robert Trueman, and Richard Zach. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Source: forall x: Calgary. Imported at revision ec34df8.