9.5 The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
Postulates of molecules in constant random motion, used to derive each empirical gas law and to explain molecular speed distributions.
4 exercises
9.5 Exercise 2
Can the speed of a given molecule in a gas double at constant temperature? Explain your answer.
9.5 Exercise 4
The distribution of molecular speeds in a sample of helium is shown in the figure. If the sample is cooled, will the distribution of speeds look more like that of H2 or of H2O? Explain your answer.
9.5 Exercise 6
A 1-L sample of CO initially at STP is heated to 546 K, and its volume is increased to 2 L.
(a) What effect do these changes have on the pressure exerted by the gas?
(b) What is the effect on the average kinetic energy of the molecules?
(c) What is the effect on the root mean square speed of the molecules?
9.5 Exercise 8
Answer the following questions:
(a) Is the pressure of the gas in the hot-air balloon shown at the opening of this chapter greater than, less than, or equal to that of the atmosphere outside the balloon?
(b) Is the density of the gas in the hot-air balloon shown at the opening of this chapter greater than, less than, or equal to that of the atmosphere outside the balloon?
(c) At a pressure of 1 atm…
Adapted from General Chemistry © 2019 Rice University. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Sources: Chemistry 2e, Chemistry: Atoms First 2e. Imported at revision 32c7196.