4.4 Reaction Yields

What is the limiting reactant in a reaction that produces sodium chloride from 8 g of sodium and 8 g of diatomic chlorine?

A student isolated 25 g of a compound following a procedure that would theoretically yield 81 g. What was his percent yield?

Freon-12, CCl₂F₂, is prepared from CCl₄ by reaction with HF. The other product of this reaction is HCl. Outline the steps needed to determine the percent yield of a reaction that produces 12.5 g of CCl₂F₂ from 32.9 g of CCl₄. Freon-12 has been banned and is no longer used as a refrigerant because it catalyzes the decomposition of ozone and has a very long lifetime in the atmosphere. Determine the…

Toluene, C₆H₅CH₃, is oxidized by air under carefully controlled conditions to benzoic acid, C₆H₅CO₂H, which is used to prepare the food preservative sodium benzoate, C₆H₅CO₂Na. What is the percent yield of a reaction that converts 1.000 kg of toluene to 1.21 kg of benzoic acid?

$2 \text{C}_{6} \text{H}_{5} \text{CH}_{3} + 3 \text{O}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \text{C}_{6} \text{H}_{5} \text{CO}_{2} \text{H} + 2 \text{H}_{2} \text{O}$

Outline the steps needed to solve the following problem, then do the calculations. Ether, (C₂H₅)₂O, which was originally used as an anesthetic but has been replaced by safer and more effective medications, is prepared by the reaction of ethanol with sulfuric acid.

2C₂H₅OH + H₂SO₄ ⟶ (C₂H₅)₂O + H₂SO₄·H₂O

What is the percent yield of ether if 1.17 L (d = 0.7134 g/mL) is isolated from the reaction of 1…

Outline the steps needed to determine the limiting reactant when 0.50 mol of Cr and 0.75 mol of H₃PO₄ react according to the following chemical equation.
$2 \text{Cr} + 2 \text{H}_{3} \text{PO}_{4} \rightarrow 2 \text{CrPO}_{4} + 3 \text{H}_{2}$

Determine the limiting reactant.

Uranium can be isolated from its ores by dissolving it as UO₂(NO₃)₂, then separating it as solid UO₂(C₂O₄)·3H₂O. Addition of 0.4031 g of sodium oxalate, Na₂C₂O₄, to a solution containing 1.481 g of uranyl nitrate, UO₂(NO₃)₂, yields 1.073 g of solid UO₂(C₂O₄)·3H₂O.

Na₂C₂O₄ + UO₂(NO₃)₂ + 3H₂O ⟶ UO₂(C₂O₄)·3H₂O + 2NaNO₃

Determine the limiting reactant and the percent yield of this reaction.

Would you agree to buy 1 trillion (1,000,000,000,000) gold atoms for $5? Explain why or why not. Find the current price of gold at http://money.cnn.com/data/commodities/ $\left(\text{1 troy ounce} = \text{31}.\text{1 g}\right)$